Breast Cancer Links
- From: "Maggie44" <mkerr@xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx>
- Date: Sun, 25 Sep 2005 09:38:41 +0100
There is a definate conspiracy in the UK to hide the truth about electrical
shock injury.
It is well known in the USA, Canada, France Germany, Japan, China and other
major countries, however we as a public in the UK are not told about what an
electrical injury can do to the body.
Governments constantly deny the emf's cause cancer but the
worst case scenario of recieving and emf is by electrical shock injury.
To think that our police forces are introducing Legalised Electrical Shock
Injury by using TASERS
Now I am citing a minute part of the information that is held about the
links to breask cancer and electrical shock.
Take Breast Cancer for example.
"Women with jobs that expose them to high levels of electromagnetic fields
may face an increased risk of breast cancer, a new study shows.
The risk of developing breast cancer climbed by 40% among women with the
highest exposures --those who worked on mainframe computers, for
example--compared with women exposed only to background electromagnetic
fields (EMFs), Patricia Coogan, D. Sc., professor of epidemiology and
biostatistics in the department of environmental health at the Boston
University School of Public Health reported in Epidemiology (1996;457-464).
Magnetic fields are created any time an electric current runs through wires,
whether they are in the home or the office. Background EMFs are defined as
"levels of exposure no greater than what you find in the average home from
appliances and so on," according to Dr. Coogan.
But women shouldn't be frightened by the new report, according to one
expert. "Although these results are very interesting, they could still be
due to chance," said Genevieve Matanoski, M.D., a professor of epidemiology
at the Johns Hopkins School of Public Health in Baltimore.
For the past decade, researchers have tried to find a link between exposure
to high levels of EMFs-- such as those living near high-voltage power lines
or those who work in an environment suffused with electricity--and various
types of cancer. The results have been ambiguous, occasionally showing a
weak association, the Boston researchers said.
The new study compared 6,888 women with cancer to 9,529 healthy women, all
under the age 74.
The women were classified by level of exposure--low, medium or high--on the
job. Low-exposure occupations included secretarial work, data entry and
dress-making. Engineers, computer programmers and electricians fell under
the medium-exposure category, while electrical engineers and mainframe
computer operators were considered to be at a high level of exposure.
Women in the high-exposure category were 43% more likely to develop breast
cancer, compared with women who are only exposed to background levels of
magnetic fields, according to Dr. Coogan.
Among women with high exposure, the effect was stronger among premenopausal
women than postmenopausal women, she noted. EMF boosted their risk by 84%,
while the risk among postmenopausal women rose only by 32%, according to the
Boston researcher.
While commending the authors for a careful study, Dr. Matanoski noted that
the results for the high-exposure women are not as strong as they might be,
due to the small numbers of women in this risk category, she explained. Only
20 premenopausal women and 37 postmenopausal women had high-exposure
occupations. This means that the association Dr. Coogan and her colleagues
found might be due to chance.
Nevertheless, Dr. Matanoski said, the results are intriguing.
Dr. Coogan and her colleagues suspect that EMF might increase the likelihood
of breast cancer through its effects on melatonin, a brain hormone.
When melatonin is placed in a test tube with cancer cells, the cancer
doesn't spread, Dr. Coogan pointed out. Other studies have shown that
exposure to magnetic fields can block the production of melatonin in
animals, she added.
But, Dr. Coogan noted, "whether magnetic fields inhibit melatonin synthesis
in humans or influence breast cancer tumor development in women remains to
be shown.""
Another piece of information to consider is the following:
July/August
Male breast cancer again linked to occupational EMF exposure;
Revised Environmental Protection Agency report due shortly;
National Grid announces funding of six research projects;
January/February
Excess breast cancer in EMF workers found in third study;
July/December
First UK child cancer case against local power company by Studholme family;
US study finds breast cancer risk in female electrical workers;
German research supports EMF-breast cancer-melatonin link; ;
Occupational exposure to electromagnetic fields and breast cancer in men.
et al.
Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle.
Data from a population-based case-control study of breast cancer in men were
used to examine the hypothesis that occupational exposure to electromagnetic
fields increases the risk of breast cancer. Incident cases (n = 227)
diagnosed between 1983 and 1987 were obtained from 10 population-based
cancer registries of the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results program
of the National Cancer Institute. Controls (n = 300) were selected by random
digit dialing and from Medicare eligibility lists. Exposure status, defined
as ever having been employed in a job which has been classified as involving
potential exposure to electromagnetic fields, was assigned without knowledge
of case/control status. An elevated risk was found for any job with exposure
(odds ratio (OR) = 1.8, 95 percent confidence interval (CI) 1.0-3.7), and
risk was highest among electricians, telephone linemen, and electric power
workers (OR = 6.0, 95 percent CI 1.7-21) and radio and communications
workers (OR = 2.9, 95 percent CI 0.8-10). Risk did not vary with duration of
exposed employment. The risk was highest among subjects who were first
employed in jobs with exposure before the age of 30 years and who were
initially exposed at least 30 years prior to diagnosis. These results lend
support to the theory that electromagnetic fields may be related to breast
cancer in men. The hypothesis warrants evaluation in women.
PMID: 1877594 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
Occupational cancer mortality among women employed in the telephone
industry.
National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Occupational
Studies Section, Bethesda, MD 20892-7364.
We conducted a mortality odds ratio (MOR) analysis among women employed in
the telephone industry, using death certificates from 24 reporting states
for 1984 through 1989. Usual occupation and industry from the death
certificates were coded using the 1980 Bureau of the Census occupational and
industrial classification system. There were 2444 cancer deaths among women
in the telephone industry (code 441). Among younger (age < 49) white women,
significant excess risks were observed from cancers of the rectum (MOR =
3.3; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.2 to 8.7), connective tissue (MOR =
4.4; 95% CI = 2.2 to 8.8), breast (MOR = 1.6; 95% CI = 1.3 to 2.1), corpus
uteri (MOR = 3.3; 95% CI = 1.5 to 7.5), ovary (MOR = 2.1; 95% CI = 1.3 to
3.5), and brain (MOR = 2.1; 95% CI = 1.2 to 3.7). Cancer of the connective
tissue showed an almost sixfold risk (MOR = 5.5; 95% CI = 2.0 to 14.8) for
the age group of 30 to 39 years. Excess risks of cancer of the connective
tissue were observed among engineers and technicians, office workers,
telephone operators, and mechanics and repairers (MOR = 8.5, 4.9, 1.7, and
4.4, respectively), suggesting a possible relationship with modern
technological exposures in the telephone industry. Risks for cancers of the
breast, corpus uteri, ovary, and brain were also elevated among these jobs.
We did not have information on other risk factors for these cancer sites;
therefore, socioeconomic status or lifestyle may explain these observed
associations, particularly for the cancers of the reproductive
system.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
PMID: 7861264 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
Case-control study of occupational exposures and male breast cancer.
Cocco P, Figgs L, Dosemeci M, Hayes R, Linet MS, Hsing AW.
Institute of Occupational Medicine, University of Cagliari, Italy.
OBJECTIVE: To investigate whether risk of male breast cancer is associated
with workplace exposures. METHODS: A case-control study of 178 cases of male
breast cancer and 1041 controls was carried out with data from the United
States national mortality follow-back survey, which collected questionnaire
information from proxy respondents of a 1% sample of all 1986 United States
deaths among subjects aged 25-74 years. Occupational exposure to
electromagnetic fields, high temperatures, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons
(PAHs), herbicides, other pesticides, and organic solvents was assessed by
applying job-exposure matrices, based on the 1980 United States census
occupation and industry codes, to the longest job held by study subjects as
reported by the informants. A socioeconomic status index was created by
combining information on annual family income, education, assets, and
occupation to assess the association of socioeconomic status with male
breast cancer. Relative risks were derived from logistic regression
modelling, which included age, socioeconomic status, marital status, and
body mass index, as well as occupational exposures. RESULTS: Risk for male
breast cancer increased significantly with increasing socioeconomic status
index (test for trend: p < 0.01), but the risks associated with individual
socioeconomic status variables were smaller and the trends were not
significant. A significant increase in risk of male breast cancer was
associated with employment in blast furnaces, steel works, and rolling mills
(odds ratio (OR) 3.4; 95% confidence interval (95% CI) 1.1 to 10.1, based on
six cases), and motor vehicle manufacturing (OR 3.1; 95% CI 1.2 to 8.2,
based on seven cases). However, exposures to electromagnetic fields, high
temperature, PAHs, herbicides, other pesticides, and organic solvents were
not associated with risk of male breast cancer. CONCLUSIONS: The role of
workplace exposures in increasing risk of breast cancer among men employed
in motor vehicle manufacturing and in blast furnaces, steel works, and
rolling mills deserves further investigation. The finding on socioeconomic
status suggests that, as well as reproductive factors, other lifestyle
factors such as diet that may be related to high socioeconomic status in men
should be investigated further.
.
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