Re: The original non Indo-European languages of Europe


"nandodick" <nandodick@xxxxxxxxx> wrote in message
news:1129396746.067640.54330@xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
> Languages change in a number of ways: words are replaced by entirely
> different words, a word shifts in meaning, one grammatical construction
> is replaced by another. Much language change is systematic: a certain
> sound, in a certain context, changes into another sound in every word
> in which it occurs in that context. This is known as sound change, and
> the rules that describe the changes are known as sound laws. For
> example, Latin /k/ became French /sh/ (spelled <ch>) before the vowel
> /a/. Thus, Latin castellum became French chateau, Latin campus became
> French champs, Latin captivus became French chetif and so forth.
> Languages that have undergone the same sound changes are likely to have
> been a single language at the point at which they underwent it.
> Interactions among sound changes can tell us the order in which they
> occurred.
>
> Although sound change is the main way in which words change over time,
> it is also possible for a word to be replaced by an entirely different
> word. For example, the Proto-Indo-European word for "dog" was something
> like *kuon. (The star indicates that this is a hypothetical form.) We
> reconstruct this form from attested (actually recorded) forms like
> Greek kuon, Sanskrit shvan, and German hund by asking what proto-form
> would yield the attested forms after undergoing the sound changes
> observed in the various languages, and also taking into account changes
> in word-formation. The direct descendant of this word in English is
> hound. But at some point the common Germanic word for "dog" took on a
> more specialized meaning and was replaced, as the general term, by dog,
> a word whose origin we do not know.
>
> more importantly a language or a whole family of languges it`s
> constructed not only by lexicon, but also by grammar and syntax, so
> it`s more than just alignate cognetes.
>
> i heard a thousand times the bask-ligur-berber-georgian thesis and it`s
> highly controversial, there are very few records of basque previous
> tothe 12th century ( i think the official figuere it`s zero), and
> Euskera has been contaminated for thousands of years of indo-european
> influences.
>
> so despite Dog or Hound it`s has a PIE root, your point it`s valid you
> are entitled to believe whatever you want, just don`t be misinforming,
> and one more thing the spanish word for DOG=PERRO, it hasn`t a PIE root
>
DNA tests on prehistoric Iberian and Bsque skeletons has revealed close
genetic similarities with those Berber tribes in North Africa who have the
least amount of Arabic and Black African ancestry, and neither Basque,
Iberian, and Berber are Indo-European languages.


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