Re: Why Romanizing Thai language?


"Daniel" <daniel_h_laurent@xxxxxxxxxxx> wrote in message
news:dgdoo6$d9i$1@xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
>
> "Dr.Tulip" <Dr.Tulip@xxxxxxxxxxxx> wrote in message
> news:GrSdnabKidJuf7TeRVn-hQ@xxxxxxxxxxxxxx
> | Why Romanizing Thai language?
> |
> | In a Vietnamese's case, the French governent back then had a hard time
> | reading the Chinese style Vietnamese's characters, that's why they
> imposed
> | the rule to romanize the Vietnamese language.
> |
> | In this case, Thai's citizens have their own choice, and they will want
> to
> | stick with what they already know.
> ====================================
> The transcription of the Vietnamese language in Roman alphabet started a
> long time before the arrival of the French in Indochina:
>
> "The ancestor of the Vietnamese language was originally based in the area
> of
> the Red River in what is now northern Vietnam, and during the subsequent
> expansion of the Vietnamese language and people into what is now central
> and
> southern Vietnam (through conquest of the ancient nation of Champa and the
> Khmer people of the Mekong delta in the vicinity of present-day Saigon/Ho
> Chi Minh City), Vietnamese was linguistically influenced primarily by
> Indic
> and Malayo-Polynesian languages at first, until Chinese came to
> predominate
> politically toward the middle of the first millennium C.E.
> With the rise of Chinese political dominance came radical importation of
> Chinese vocabulary and grammatical influence. As Chinese was, for a
> prolonged period, the only medium of literature and government, as well as
> the primary language of the ruling class in Vietnam, much of the
> Vietnamese
> lexicon in all realms consists of Hán Vi?t (Sino-Vietnamese) words. In
> fact,
> as the vernacular language of Vietnam gradually grew in prestige toward
> the
> beginning of the second millennium, the Vietnamese language was written
> using Chinese characters (see Chu Nom) adapted to write Vietnamese, in a
> similar pattern as used in Japan (see kanji), Korea and other countries in
> the Chinese cultural sphere. The Nôm writing reached its zenith in the
> 18th
> century when many Vietnamese writers and poets composed their works in Ch?
> Nôm, most notably Nguy?n Du and H? Xuân Huong (dubbed "the Queen of Nôm
> poetry").
> As contact with the West grew, the Qu?c Ng? system of Romanized writing
> was
> developed in the 17th century by Portuguese and other Europeans involved
> in
> proselytizing and trade in Vietnam. When France invaded Vietnam in the
> late
> 19th century, French gradually replaced Chinese as the official language
> in
> education and government. Vietnamese adopted many French terms, such as
> d?m
> (dame, from madame), ga (train station, from gare), and va-li (valise). In
> addition, many Sino-Vietnamese terms were devised for Western ideas
> imported
> through the French. However, the Romanized script did not come to
> predominate until the beginning of the 20th century, when education became
> widespread and a simpler writing system was found more expedient for
> teaching and communication with the general population."
>
> It is commonly said that the shifting to Roman alphabet was accelerated by
> the fact that many Vietnamese, who generally hate the Chinese, were happy
> to
> get rid of the Chinese characters.
>
> Cheers
> Daniel
>
Bonjour Daniel,

Dès le XVIIe siècle, des missionnaires (françaises comme on m'a rencontré)
ont utilisé un système de transcription en alphabet latin et l'écriture a
ainsi été romanisée.

Vietnamien - la langue officielle parlée au Viêt Nam. Le développement de la
langue vietnamienne est inséparable de l'histoire du Viêt Nam, qui a
précocement séparé l'évolution de sa langue de celle des langues
môn-khmères. Du IIe siècle av. J-C. au Xe siècle de notre ère, le Viêt Nam a
été sous domination chinoise. La langue chinoise et son écriture se sont
répandues, notamment dans la classe des lettrés vietnamiens, supplantant un
système d'écriture proprement vietnamien qu'on suppose avoir existé avant
l'ère chrétienne. Le Viêt Nam possède ainsi une littérature en langue
chinoise, puis à partir du Xe siècle, une littérature rédigée en nôm. La
littérature en nôm utilise les caractères chinois, qui sont soit employés
seuls mais prononcés d'une manière particulière, différente de la
prononciation chinoise, et dotés d'une valeur sémantique également
différente, soit combinés entre eux. Les caractères nôm représentent des
sons de la langue populaire vietnamienne. Dès le XVIIe siècle, des
missionnaires ont utilisé un système de transcription en alphabet latin et
l'écriture a ainsi été romanisée.

Le vietnamien est une langue tonale, qui possède six tons. Ses mots sont
tous monosyllabiques et invariables. Les composés ne deviennent pas des
polysyllabes, mais demeurent des éléments composés de deux mots distincts et
monosyllabiques.


Cheers!



.

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