Chinese Satellite Kill Challenges U.S.
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- Date: Sun, 15 Apr 2007 07:49:23 +0800
Chinese Satellite Kill Challenges U.S.
Chinese Satellite Kill With Land-Based Missile Challenges U.S. Vow To Dominate
Space
TAIPEI, Taiwan, Apr. 14, 2007
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(AP)
(AP) The Fengyun _ "Wind and Cloud" _ 1-C weather satellite was a proud worker
in China's space program. Launched in May 1999, it provided a wealth of
information that scientists used for forecasting floods, sandstorms and
disturbances in space caused by solar activity.
Now, it has been reduced to a nebula of debris. And that may prove to be its
most lasting legacy.
In January, China blasted the Fengyun 1-C into oblivion with a land-based
anti-satellite missile from its southwestern Xichang spaceport. It was the first
kill of a satellite by a land-based missile ever conducted by any nation,
including the United States and Russia.
The message was hard to miss: China is ready _ and increasingly able _ to
challenge the U.S. military advantage in space.
"Competition is moving toward the new frontier, space," said Arthur Ding, a
research fellow at Taiwan's National Chengchi University.
To space and military experts, China's success is no surprise _ its military-run
space program has taken a great leap forward in recent years.
It launched its first manned space flight in 2003. A second mission in 2005 put
two astronauts into orbit for a week, and a third manned launch is planned for
next year. This year, China plans to launch a probe that will orbit the moon.
On Saturday, the country launched a Long March 3-A rocket that sent a navigation
satellite into orbit as part of its effort to build a global positioning system,
the official Xinhua News Agency reported. The satellite is the fourth China has
launched as part of the Compass navigation system, which is expected to be
operational in 2008.
But some see the anti-satellite missile as evidence that China's program is
taking an alarming direction.
"The successful test of a Chinese direct-ascent anti-satellite weapon represents
a new and dangerous phase of Chinese foreign policy," said Tom Ehrhard, a
retired U.S. Air Force colonel and senior fellow with the Center for Strategic
and Budgetary Assessment, a military think tank.
"Despite official statements about its 'peaceful rise,' China aims to challenge
the internationally recognized sanctity and neutrality of the 'commons,' those
areas like international waters, airspace, cyberspace and space itself," he
said.
A host of other nations _ from Japan to Israel _ have spy satellites collecting
military data, and the United States also has been considering weapons in space.
Satellites are already the eyes and ears of the U.S. military, used to guide
missiles to their targets, provide detailed information on enemy positions and
movements and make immediate, global communications possible. The next step,
first envisioned during Ronald Reagan's presidency, would be weapons such as
lasers that could be used from space to destroy or disable enemy satellites or
possibly even targets on the ground.
U.S. military planners have long warned that the satellites they depend upon are
vulnerable. A 2001 report by a commission headed by Donald Rumsfeld, then
defense secretary-designate, said the U.S. is "an attractive candidate for a
space Pearl Harbor" and the country needed to develop systems to protect them.
China and Russia, which like Washington have signed the 1967 treaty outlawing
weapons of mass destruction in space, advocate a complete ban on anti-satellite
and other space weaponry. The Bush administration, however, blocked a U.N.
resolution to that effect in 2005. Beijing and Moscow resubmitted a similar
proposal this year.
Beijing says it wants to bring Washington back to the negotiating table, and
that its satellite kill was in line with its larger goal of demilitarizing
space.
"China opposes the weaponization of space and any arms race," Foreign Ministry
spokesman Liu Jianchao said. "The test is not targeted at any country and will
not threaten any country."
Russian President Vladimir Putin stressed after the satellite kill that oscow
continues to oppose weapons in space and criticized Washington, not Beijing, for
planning space-based weapons, which he said was the reason behind the Chinese
test.
"We must not let the genie out of the bottle," he warned.
The United States and Soviet Union also shot down satellites, but didn't use
ground-based missiles. The U.S. did it in 1985 with an air-launched missile, and
the Soviets used a hunter satellite to approach its target and then fired at it.
Bill Sweetman, an analyst with Jane's Space Systems and Industry, said the
Chinese test does not violate any treaties, but deliberately hits at a sensitive
nerve.
"The Chinese are aware of a difference between them and the U.S.; the U.S., and
Western forces in general, are highly dependent on low Earth orbit assets such
as imaging spacecraft and GPS, but the Chinese are not," he said.
The test, he noted, was also sure to hold Washington's attention for years to
come. The debris from the satellite will continue to float in space, a hazard to
other spacecraft.
"You fill low Earth orbit with high-velocity buckshot," he said.
ap
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