Re: Can anyone help me with some German?

Matthew Fields wrote:

In article <1129850400.685733.102530@xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx>,
Nightingale <lcrighton@xxxxxxxxxx> wrote:

I'm looking at a score of a piece by Mahler, and all the expressions
are in German. I'm managing to find a lot of them, but am stuck on
"Flag." - it's appearing in both the harp part and one of the violin
parts.  Can anyone tell me what it means?

Thanks. 


Flagolet, i.e. the special effect with a fife-like timbre. In
the USA, we call them "harmonics", which makes for confusion when
we combine musical and acoustical discussions because flagolets
can be distinctly non-harmonic in the acoustical sense.

Thanks! I was able to look a lot up, but I didn't know what flag. was short for.

  On harp, the routine flagolet is made by lightly touching the string
in the middle with the edge of the palm while plucking with the thumb
of the same hand, rapidly pulling the hand away so the two halves of
the string are left ringing in opposite phase with the middle of the string
largely not moving at all. This effect sounds a shade over an octave
higher in pitch than the string's fundamental, and it's often written
for the plucked string, sounding an octave higher. Tiny open circles
will usually be marked above--or sometimes below--the note.

There were circles below the notes in both the harp and the violin parts. I haven't seen harmonics written that way before - I've only seen it in string parts, and it was little diamond above the note.

  On violin, a flagolet can be a division of the open string but in
Mahler it's more likely to be a 4th partial, written as the finger-stopped
fundamental in a diad with a diamond-shaped notehead a perfect fourth higher,
and sounding 2 octaves above the lower written note. Again, little circles
will sometimes be marked above such notes.


In the violin part, there are some notes with just the circles, and at the end there is the circle with the "flag." - what is the difference between the two? When they use the circle, is the note indicating the sounding pitch or where to stop the string?


--
Blessed Cecilia, appear in visions
To all musicians, appear and inspire:
Translated Daughter, come down and startle
Composing mortals with immortal fire.
.

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