Re: I need this confirmation........?
- From: Nimo <azeez541@xxxxxxxxx>
- Date: Tue, 4 Nov 2008 20:51:49 -0800 (PST)
On Nov 5, 1:58 am, "George Johnson" <matri...@xxxxxxxxxxx> wrote:
Nimo wrote:
People I need to clarify it quickly,
read the first topic and suggest me,
your view is so 'much' to me.
Thanks.
searching MIT's website whether
they would allow a math+physics research paper,
In India I'm trying here
http://www.iisc.ernet.in
I cannot parse if this is clumsy sarcasm or confused translation.
Unmixing a fluid is exactly true.
http://physicsworld.com/cws/article/news/23807
Dec 14, 2005
Fluids mix in reverse
When you stir cream into your cup of coffee, you would amazed to see the two
fluids return to where they started simply by reversing the direction of
stirring. However, a team of physicists in the US and Israel has now
discovered that such mixing can indeed be reversible under certain
conditions. The work could be important for mixing processes in industry and
biology (Nature 438 997).
David Pine of New York University and colleagues at the Haverford College,
the California Institute of Technology and the Israel Institute of
Technology studied the motion of tiny polymer beads suspended in a viscous
fluid trapped between two concentric cylinders held 2.5 millimetres apart..
When the team rotated the inner cylinder in one direction and then back
again, they found that the beads returned to their starting positions. But
the behaviour is only seen if the solution is relatively dilute and the
beads are stirred for a short time. At higher concentration and longer
times, mixing becomes irreversible.
According to the researchers, the observed behaviour can be explained by
collisions between individual beads. Mixing can be reversed if the particles
do not collide with each other, which is the case at low concentrations. But
as the solution becomes more concentrated -- and more collisions occur --
the process becomes irreversible.
"The irreversibility of these particles may be explained by the extreme
sensitivity of their trajectories to imperceptibly small changes of the
particle positions," explains Pine. Such perturbations might arise from
almost anything - from small imperfections in the particles or by small
external forces - and are magnified exponentially because of the motion of
other particles suspended in the liquid, he says. Physical systems that
exhibit such extreme sensitivity to small perturbations are said to be
'chaotic', which means that their behaviour cannot be determined in advance.
The US-Israel team says that an irreversible flow could be transformed into
a reversible one at a predictable point by reducing the number of particles
since this makes collisions between the particles less likely. This could be
important for scaling up laboratory experiments to industrial levels, which
is difficult simply because of the unpredictable behaviour of the particles
involved. Possible applications include mixing of pharmaceutical suspensions
and the catalysis of petrochemicals in fluid beds. The work could also help
in understanding particle migration during ceramic processing and in the
culture of blood-making cells.
Thanks for your help
I got it...!
.
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