Re: A request for information please.

N wrote:
On 13 May, 10:02, Stephen Harris <cyberguard-1...@xxxxxxxxx> wrote:
N wrote:
On 11 May, 00:22, Stephen Harris <cyberguard-1...@xxxxxxxxx> wrote:
N wrote:
Symbol and math isn't so much a problem, as visual development,
the development of math and science are influenced to a degree by
the prevailing technology (by finding proofs etc) although I have no
idea about language and music, and I'd like to do a little more in
that
area.
http://web.media.mit.edu/~lieber/Lieberary/Graphic-Design/Graphic-Des...

Thanks for the link which I quickly read (overhang from proof-reading
I
suppose !)
"Muriel Cooper [1925-1994] was a renowned graphic designer who had
a vision of computer-based tools that could actively participate
in the process of dynamic visual expression.

I don't know, we always had a 'middle-man' somebody trained in
both areas who 'parsed' the info and split the jobs. I suppose
cognitive psychology of perceptions and statistcal survey (are?)
could loosely be used as a denominator for engineered frameworks
for passive interactions. But then again a statistical average used
frequently perpetuates a notion that a proportion would be correct.
Anyhow it all seems to me to be about 'ease of retrievals'
Her interest in
supporting the design process with intelligent tools led her to
make artificial intelligence one of the major themes of her
research group, the Visible Language Workshop [VLW]. Home to
people of both visual design and computer backgrounds, the VLW
embodied the best of the interdisciplinary spirit in which the
MIT Media Lab was founded. During an era in which intelligent
design applications were ignored by both the AI and computer
graphics communities, the VLW supported a range of projects in
this area, from automatic layout to graphical editors that can
learn from examples."

and a very clever lady by the sound of things :) something I could not
dream of accomplishing.
Nah I'm just bemused as to why there's 40,000 languages worldwide
how come we all see the same dog?

should we have a hierarchical perceptions?,

OR, do we sweep the board and use present sociological and
psychological findings, across all nations and peoples?
There are sensibilities and rural cultural tradition for example?
you know like certain colours and composition etc are unfortunate,
will communicate different in one country to another & etc.

ta!

n.


The underlying goal of AI is to write a program that will appear
or behave as if it has human level intelligence. The best test
for this is called the Turing Test (TT). A program passes the TT
if it can have an email conversation with you for an extended
period of time and convince you (without you knowing beforehand)
that it is human, because it thinks fairly rationally like a human.
This is a lesser goal than having a walking about human level robot.

The program can have several languages for expressing itself. The
hard part is to get it to seemingly understand what you say so that
it can respond with appropriate, rather than odd, replies. To carry
on a conversation remembering and relating to earlier parts of the
conversation. Learning from examples would be important because a
human can learn from example. Analogies are a major part of this.

So the goal is to create an AI program and this means writing the
program in a programming language. There are sub-goals, such as
automatic layout of a web page, so such "expert" programs are useful
but still need to be written in some formal programming language.
There has been almost total failure in 50 years for TT passing programs.

Some programming languages are more visually oriented than others, so that a background in graphics design might point to using a visual
approach in trying to create an AI program (if that is your goal).

Wolfram thinks the whole universe might have evolved from a simple
cellular automata (CA) rule to all the current complexity. Since
there are so many CA rules it is hard to discover the rule which
will unfold into a desired outcome. The idea of emerging a mind is
part of Artificial Life, a related field to to AI. Shape Grammars:

"The research objective herein is to exploit the potential of CA by presenting an approach for using shape grammar [5] (a formal set of rules applied to shapes to generate a language of design; allows the visualization of the desired form and function of the rules) to derive CA rules. The essential scope of this investigation falls within the domain of self-generative system architecture, with the specific methodology entailing the use of a shape grammar for establishing the rules of the design process (at both the elemental and organizational levels), followed by a CA approach for actually generating the
creative design space. The shape grammar thus expresses the physics
of the formfunction and becomes transcribed into CA rules and their conditional neighborhoods, with the CA rules generating the design space.

The use of shape grammars affords to the system architect the capability for assuring that design proceeds by rules that embody the relevant principles of physics and can select design candidates that meet stability, robustness, aesthetics, cost and other requirements, thereby managing an otherwise possibly explosive design space. At the same time, shape grammars allow the system architect to explore a diverse variety of design styles, providing opportunities for the emergence of potentially useful higher order components and modular structures. The system architect’s role is thus to create a design space of conceptualizations and select good system architectures from this design space for a specification, to determine the design physics and selection rules to be implemented, to develop the shape grammars to reflect these rules at the modular and hierarchical levels, and to program the CA to capture these rules and output a design catalog of the best candidates that meet the specification."

"Formal grammars are systems of rules for characterizing the structure, or the syntax, of sentences in natural and artificial languages. Shape grammars are a geometrical design adaptation of Noam Chomsky’s formal (phrase structure or transformational) grammars [19] and are recursively enumerable, having the capability of producing unrestricted languages [20]. Thus, shape grammars are systems of rules for characterizing the
composition of designs in spatial languages."

SH: Scheme (free) and Lisp are languages often used to write AI
programs and they are more symbolic than the CA/shape grammar approach.

Even just in conversation, the environment of possible discussions is
huge and the problem for AI is to select the appropriate responses to
match the ever changing and revised contexts of the environment. A
healthy adult has much the same physical equipment due to genes, so
we all see a dog (Nature), sense time passing, expect cause and effect, etc; but then each mind gets its own unique set of shaping experiences (Nurture) causing differences of opinion, morals, and language etc.
The successful TT passing program has to be able to sort and match
the consensus human conceptual reality to pass itself off as human.

If you plan on creating AI programs you have a lot of work ahead.
.

Relevant Pages

  • Re: A request for information please.
    ... people of both visual design and computer backgrounds, ... The program can have several languages for expressing itself. ... visualization of the desired form and function of the rules) to derive ... The use of shape grammars affords to the system architect the capability ...
    (comp.ai.philosophy)
  • Re: Speculative Design Hypothesis (with predictions) 2nd draft
    ... languages are human products, but that does not make them "designed". ... natural languages has nothing to do with design. ... wings and echolocation. ... Because the genetics and fossil evidence show otherwise. ...
    (talk.origins)
  • Re: Overview Of New Intel Core i7(Nehalem) Processor
    ... people settled down and started doing more disciplined design. ... apps will still need mathematical, disciplined, unambiguous languages. ... See, tha tis wha tI mean, yo udo not knwo C, and yet yo uhave more opinions ... I wrote my first EPROM programmer with zeros and ones in machine code, ...
    (sci.electronics.design)
  • Re: high level languages for synthesis
    ... languages are more distinct from their cycle-accurate cousins than ... straightforward to use a spiral design methodology using VHDL, ... implement a wide variety of other scientific algorithms. ... FPGA-targeting C-syntax HLL is somehow inherently sequential. ...
    (comp.arch.fpga)
  • Re: Speculative Design Hypothesis (with predictions) 2nd draft
    ... languages are human products, but that does not make them "designed". ... natural languages has nothing to do with design. ... evidence to point to them not being human. ... wings and echolocation. ...
    (talk.origins)