Re: ATR FAQ (part 2: outside Britain)



Francois R. Velde a écrit :
FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS FOR ALT.TALK.ROYALTY
-- ROYAL & NOBLE FAMILIES OF THE WORLD --

SUMMARY:

This monthly posting contains a list of Frequently Asked Questions
(FAQs) and their answers and other useful information about royal and
noble families of the world, excluding Britain's royal and noble
families. (The British Royal & Noble Families FAQ can be found at
http://www.heraldica.org/faqs/britfaq.html) It should be read by anyone
who wishes to post to the alt.talk.royalty newsgroup.

A separate posting lists only the changes made during the last month to
this document: http://tinyurl.com/ymaapk.

Note: the FAQ contains European characters (accented letters) which may
not show on your browser/newsreader or may show garbled characters. Ask
your Internet Service Provider for an "8-bit clean feed" if you have
this problem.

Last updated: 02 Jul 2007

For comments, additions, or suggestions, please contact the maintainer
Fran�ois Velde (http://www.heraldica.org/contact.html).
__________________________________________________________________

Table of Contents:

Part I: Introduction
1. What is alt.talk.royalty?
2. How do I access alt.talk.royalty?
3. Welcome to alt.talk.royalty!
4. History of the alt.talk.royalty FAQ
5. Basic newsgroup "netiquette".
6. What kind of postings are appropriate in alt.talk.royalty?
7. Examples of "good" and "bad" posts.
8. Are there archives where I can find older posts on a subject?
9. What other newsgroups and chat groups are there?
10. Can I sell or advertise in this newsgroup?
11. Where can I get the latest version of the FAQ?

Part II: Royal Families of the World
1. Are there other monarchies in the world besides England?
2. Who are the members of the European royal families?
3. What are the dynastic names of the European royal families?
4. Lines of succession to the current European Thrones.
5. Laws of succession for the current European monarchies.
6. Lines of succession to the current non-European Thrones.
7. What are the differences between HRH, HH and HSH?
8. What are the styles and titles of the world's current monarchs?
9. What are the full titles of the current European monarchs?
10. Formerly-reigning monarchs and present-day claimants in Europe and
the Americas since 1849.
11. When did the world's current monarchs succeed?
12. Birthdays of the world's current monarchs.
13. Official Birthdays and National Holidays.
14. Royal Landmarks (Places of Interest).
15. What are the addresses of the world's current monarchs?
16. How are the Reuss princes numbered and why are they all named
Heinrich?
17. What happens when a king dies and his widow is pregnant?

Part III: Nobility
1. What does it mean to be a noble?
2. What does it mean to be a German noble?

Part IV: Resources
1. On-line Sources of Information
2. Useful Addresses
3. Electronic (on-line) Magazines
4. Bibliography
5. Lexicon
__________________________________________________________________

Part I: Introduction

1. What is alt.talk.royalty?

alt.talk.royalty is an unmoderated newsgroup created for the purpose of
discussion of all aspects of royalty and nobility of any time period
anywhere in the world. There is no mailing list gated to this group.
Please remember that one cannot subscribe to or unsubscribe from
alt.talk.royalty via a mailing list, as is the case, e.g., for
soc.genealogy.medieval.

alt.talk.royalty was first proposed in December 1994 and was created in
February 1995 (according to:
ftp://ftp.uu.net/usenet/control/alt/alt.talk.royalty)

Despite the FAQ compiler's efforts, it has not been determined who
began alt.talk.royalty nor who is responsible for composing its
charter.

The charter states: "The group is oriented to discussion of royalty and
nobility of all nationalities, both present day and historical.
Discussions of the British royal family, the possibility of a restored
Russian monarchy, Henry VIII's foibles, and the forms of address used
in the Spanish court would all be appropriate. Advertising and
commercialism are not welcome, especially since everyone knows that
involvement in retail commerce results in attainder!"

All those who have access to alt.talk.royalty and are interested in
royalty and nobility are encouraged to participate. (Before interested
individuals "discovered" alt.talk.royalty and began posting to it
regularly, they posted their questions in rec.heraldry.) The scope of
the group encompasses topics such as the sovereigns or rulers of
nations, royal and noble genealogies, vital statistics (births,
marriages, deaths), lines of succession, royal residences, biographies,
current events, pretenders or claimants to thrones, mistresses and
illegitimate children, so on and so forth.

alt.talk.royalty is not here for the glorification of royalty. All
views, positive, negative and in-between, are permitted. We are here
to talk about royalty and nobility. You will find, however, most people
who post to alt.talk.royalty talk in favor of royalty and that they are
not anti-royalist. You can express anti-royalist sentiments, but it is
a fair assumption that you will get a heated and vociferous response.
Royalty discussions can bring out the best and the worst in people;
they engender strong emotions and opinions.

alt.talk.royalty has in its midst authors, genealogists, historians,
journalists and other such posters (and lurkers). Some of our members
post to the group while others prefer to lurk. Our members are
international: as of this edition of the FAQ, the majority are from the
United States, while the rest are from Australia, Canada, Denmark,
France, Germany, the Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Russia, Sweden and
the United Kingdom.

Back to Table of Contents
__________________________________________________________________

2. How do I access alt.talk.royalty?

alt.talk.royalty is an Internet (or Usenet) newsgroup. To access it,
you need a "client" (software application) on your computer and access
to a "news (or Usenet) server". The client will connect to the server,
retrieve the posts, and send your own replies. The server will then
disseminate your posts to the rest of the world.

If you have access to the Web, your web browser can serve as client,
and you can access a server over the Web. See Yahoo directory for
"Usenet servers" for a list. Google Groups (http://groups.google.com)
also offers access.

Alternatively, contact your ISP (Internet Service Provider) and ask
them if they have a news server and what software they provide to
connect to it. Again, your web browser can serve as a news client to
connect to the news server.

Back to Table of Contents

3. Welcome to alt.talk.royalty!

This purpose of this chapter is to provide useful information for new
members of alt.talk.royalty. First-time users, or even those who've
been here a few times, have found the newsgroup's atmosphere
intimidating. When posting for the first time, some people find
themselves the object of criticism or downright abuse. The
new-to-the-group poster might not understand that that kind of behavior
happens with regularity in newsgroups. And so, at the suggestion of
some alt.talk.royalty regulars, the FAQ compiler and maintainer has
developed this section which will hopefully explain the personalities
of the regular members as well as provide tips on how to "survive" in
alt.talk.royalty.

One of the first things that is noticeable about alt.talk.royalty is
that it has a dual personality. Some days, it has a pleasant, quiet,
stress-free atmosphere, while on other days it can be testy, noisy and
combative. Some days, it can be academic and instructive in tone, yet
gossipy and disruptive on other days. It has been suggested that,
generally speaking, the male members of alt.talk.royalty are
competitive (with some positively thriving on this), while the female
members seem cooperative. For the most part, alt.talk.royalty's members
are pro-royalty/monarchy. What sets us apart are our personal
perspectives and biases.

alt.talk.royalty has quite an interesting mix of people. While we can't
tell you about the lurkers (they obviously prefer to remain anonymous),
we can tell you about those who post with some regularity. There are
authors (Greg King, author of The Last Empress; Marlene Koenig, author
under the name of Marlene A. Eilers, of Queen Victoria's Descendants;
Peter Kurth, author of Anastasia: The Riddle of Anna Anderson; Ted
Rosvall, author of Bernadotte-Attlingar; William Addams Reitwiesner,
author of The American Ancestors and Relatives of Lady Diana Frances
Spencer, Guy Stair Sainty, author of The Orders of Chivalry and Merit
of the Bourbon Two Sicilies Dynasty, Daniel Willis, author under the
name of Daniel Brewer-Ward of The House of Habsburg: a genealogy of the
descendants of Empress Maria Theresia), art dealer (Guy Stair Sainty),
author (Grant Hayter-Menzies), lawyer (Patrick Cracroft- Brennan),
librarian (Noel McFerran), medical doctor (Sam Dotson), university
professors (Stephen Stillwell, Peter Kurrild-Klitgaard, and Jeffrey
Taliaferro, the last two political scientists), some who share
ancestors with royalty or are descendants of royalty (Frank Johansen
and Grant Menzies), and even an aristocrat or two (Gilbert von Studnitz
and Eric von Ehrenberg). Of course, there are also the average,
everyday type of person who posts to alt.talk.royalty.

If one observes alt.talk.royalty for some time, individual types become
obvious and one finds that they usually view and respond about
royalty/monarchy in a predictable way. For example, there are the
absolute monarchists (Louis Epstein, Noel McFerran), the genealogists
(Sam Dotson, Marlene Koenig, Steven Lavallee, William Addams
Reitwiesner, Darren Shelton, Paul Theroff, Daniel Willis), the
historians (Fran�ois Velde), the legalists (Paul Johnson, Guy Stair
Sainty), the legitimists (Dimitry Macedonsky), so on and so on. One can
continue to categorize alt.talk.royalty's members into those types who
enjoy the gossip/daily lives aspect of royalty, those whose only
interest is the British royal family enthusiasts (with a subset
focussed on Diana, Princess of Wales), those who view royalty from a
religious aspect, from a political aspect, so on and so forth.

Some of alt.talk.royalty's members use an alias, but most post under
their real names. Some posters have obvious favorite areas and share
willingly their knowledge. Other posters are more generalists, but
share their knowledge with the same generosity. Some posters will only
post or reply when their favorite topic comes up for discussion. Other
posters will reply to just about everything and anything. Some of the
regulars always provide references for their replies which can annoy
some people, while others feel it useful and informative. Other posters
never cite their sources. Some posters reply to questions succinctly
while others provide mini-essays. Some posters will point out spelling
and grammar errors while others never do so. Some posters reply to
others in a light- hearted way while others are business-like. Some
posters will criticize another member's question for whatever reason,
while other posters will reply kindly and helpfully. Some posters have
strong beliefs and won't budge an inch when discussing a particular
topic, while others seem flexible and willing to see other points of
view. Lastly, some of the nastier posters (and they are only a handful,
thankfully) almost always use foul language, are rude and hurtful and
seem to be in alt.talk.royalty only to disrupt the group.

New members and not-so-new ones will probably realize at this point
that given these types of personalities, it would not be easy to post
with confidence in alt.talk.royalty. The FAQ compiler and maintainer
has received emails from people who feel they've been poorly treated by
the regulars. Because of this, they chose to lurk instead of posting in
the group or vow never to return to alt.talk.royalty. Some posters
almost always behave in a certain way and their criticisms shouldn't be
taken personally because that is how they behave to just about
everyone. It is almost guaranteed that when a person posts to a
newsgroup he or she will eventually be criticized or abused. Please
don't be intimidated by the bad manners of some and leave
alt.talk.royalty too soon. There are lots of us who welcome newcomers
and we appreciate your ideas and input!

Back to Table of Contents

4. History of the alt.talk.royalty FAQ

There was talk in early 1996 of creating a FAQ for alt.talk.royalty and
some work for one had been started by members of the group. It did not
materialize into a finished product, however. A few months later, in
August 1996, another member of the group (Mark Odegard) posted a titles
FAQ to the group. It was called "A Glossary of European Noble,
Princely, Royal, and Imperial Titles". (It can now be found on the WWW
at:
http://www.heraldica.org/topics/odegard/titlefaq.htm.)

Nonetheless, alt.talk.royalty remained without a general, all-purpose
FAQ until May 1997. At that time, a rough draft version of a FAQ was
posted to the group; it had been created by Yvonne Demoskoff with the
help of several members. A number of additions, corrections and
suggestions were made over the next few months and by November 1997 the
rough draft was replaced with an official first version.

In June 1998, the FAQ was posted once again to the newsgroup but this
time it was in two distinct parts: one was called the Brit-FAQ
(Frequently Asked Questions for alt.talk.royalty - British Royal &
Noble Families) and the other was called the non-Brit-FAQ (Frequently
Asked Questions for alt.talk.royalty - Non-British Royal & Noble
Families).

In August 1998, Fran�ois Velde took over the maintenance of the various
alt.talk.royalty FAQs.

Back to Table of Contents

5. Basic newsgroup "netiquette".

Before posting to any Usenet group, please read the introductory
articles in the newsgroup news.announce.newusers. There, Emily Postnews
will help you through some netiquette you need to know before posting.

We highly recommend "lurking", that is, reading messages without
posting anything for a few weeks so that you get an idea of how people
typically phrase their postings. This will also give you an idea of the
flow of the newsgroup, the personalities of the regulars, and the like.
The easiest way to learn how to post in a.t.r. is to watch how others
do it. Start by reading the posts and try to figure out what people are
doing and why. After a few weeks, you will start to understand why
certain things are done and what things shouldn't be done.

Occasionally, you will see trolls (strong worded postings intended only
to provoke a lot of replies), flames and off-topic posts. The best way
to deal with these kinds of postings is to ignore them. If your
newsreader program allows the use of a kill-file make use of it to
filter out undesirable postings. Alternatively, if you see a blatantly
offensive message, do not respond with another post. Instead, send a
strong complaint to <postmaster@xxxxxxxxxxxx> and <abuse@xxxxxxxxxxxx>.

One last point to remember concerning inappropriate behavior: our
newsgroup, in common with other newsgroups, has its share of people who
seek to disrupt the group collectively and/or its posters individually.
alt.talk.royalty and its FAQ might not have an official policy as to
how one should deal with such disruptive behavior, but it can suggest
the following: DNFTEC. This stands for "Do Not Feed The Energy
Creature". An energy creature's favorite feeding tactic is to try to
hurt people's feelings or get them angry. The Energy Creature can then
feed off the pain and anger it has generated. Its second favorite
tactic is to hurt one person or the group's feelings while gathering
the sympathy of others. That way, when the injured party lashes back,
others will jump to the Energy Creature's defense. The Energy Creature
feeds off the attention and the negative energy generated by the people
fighting. Newsgroups will never be completely rid of such obnoxious,
offensive and ill-mannered beings, but much can be done to keep the
situation under control by remembering this simple formula: DNFTEC. If
the Energy Creature gets a response, it gets stronger. If it is
ignored, it will eventually weaken, wither and go away. Remember: do
not to feed the energy creatures.

Back to Table of Contents

6. What kind of postings are appropriate in alt.talk.royalty?

We are an unmoderated newsgroup. The only things not allowed here are
things prohibited by Usenet protocol, such as spams (the posting of
off-topic material to many Usenet groups) and illegal postings (e.g.
chain letters, sending non-exportable things, threatening to kill
people). However, inappropriate topics or posts are those which are
completely unrelated to royalty and nobility.

Attachments, whether they are text (batch files, system files) or
binaries (audio, video, pictures such as .JPGs, .GIFs, .TIFs and the
like, programs, and "web" files such as HTML, HTM, SHTML) are also
inappropriate. Binaries must be kept in groups with binaries in the
name; they cannot appear in alt.talk.royalty. If news administrators
find binaries in a.t.r., they could kill the group and move it to the
alt.binaries section. A better way of dealing with binaries is to post
the binary in a binaries group and to write a note in a.t.r. telling
the group where the particular binary can be found. In other words, do
not post anything other than plain text in our non-binary newsgroup.

Posts which refer to royalty and nobility in a negative way (such as
suggesting that one monarchy in particular, or all monarchies in
general should be overthrown), while not off-topic, will usually get no
response. Most of the posters in alt.talk.royalty are fully aware of
the strengths and weaknesses of hereditary systems, and are
participating in this newsgroup to explore the intricacies of these
systems, rather than to engage in flamewars with persons who are
opposed to the idea of these systems.

Patently offensive remarks are inappropriate.

Back to Table of Contents

7. Examples of "good" and "bad" posts.

Let's begin with "bad" posts:

"Please tell me EVERYTHING about Princess Diana."
"I need to know ALL the people in line to the British throne; my
homework is due tomorrow!"
"I'm looking for information about the kings of England."
-- these types of posts are usually met with well deserved
sarcasm or risk being completely ignored

"So-and-so is an idiot and should be shot!"
-- personal comments or attacks on a.t.r. members have no place
in a royalty newsgroup; take it to private e-mail, if you must

"This is a test."
-- there isn't any reason to test alt.talk.royalty, the system
works fine. If you have to test something, do it in a group with
'test' in it such as alt.test or misc.test.

And now "good" posts:

"Who succeeded King George II?"
"Why does Queen Elizabeth II celebrate her birthday in April and in
June?"

"Where is King Henry VIII buried?"
"Can someone tell me how King George V and Tsar Nicholas II are
related?"

(these "bad" and "good" posts are examples only and will not be
necessarily found in the FAQ)
Points to Remember:
* when the topic in a post has changed, please reflect that in the
subject heading by indicating the new subject and including a
reference to the old subject heading
* we suggest reading all the existing responses to a query before
posting one's own response; maybe the question has already been
answered, and the name of the game is not to show off how much one
knows
* people don't like to read things again and again; therefore, try to
avoid large quotes; quote only what you respond to
* please keep the lines of your messages to under 70 characters; long
lines will overflow when quoted by others and become very difficult
to read
* remember, it is generally considered rude to post private e-mail
correspondence without the permission of the author of that mail
* be careful about infringing upon copyrights and licenses; when
quoting, do not use more of the work than is necessary to make your
commentary; for more information on copyright, read "Copyright
Myths FAQ: 10 big myths about copyright explained" found at the
following URL: http://www.clari.net/brad/copymyths.html
* posts may be in any language, but will probably be understood by
the largest audience if in English

Back to Table of Contents

8. Are there archives where I can find older posts on a subject?

Most Internet Service Providers (ISPs) do not keep posts for more than
one or two weeks. Therefore, to find older posts, head over to the WWW
and check out "Google Groups" (formerly known as Deja News) at:
http://groups.google.com/groups?as_ugroup=alt.talk.royalty

Once there, you will be able to search old posts back to April 1995.

This is also a good starting point to see what questions have already
been asked in our newsgroup. It's possible that your particular
question has already been asked.

Back to Table of Contents

9. What other newsgroups and chat groups are there?

Some newsgroups that deal with royalty and/or related subjects are:
* alt.gossip.royalty
* rec.heraldry (discussions of coats of arms and of the honors they
can depict)
* soc.genealogy.medieval (discussions of genealogy, royal or
otherwise, mainly of the Middle Ages)
* soc.history
* soc.history.ancient
* soc.history.medieval

N.B.: not all ISPs carry "alt." and "clari." newsgroups; however, they
can be accessed by visiting the Google Groups web site at:
http://groups.google.com

We suggest that you find out more about these newsgroups by reading
their FAQs, if available, or by lurking, so that you post your queries
in the appropriate group and not haphazardly cross-post to all of them.

America Online (AOL) features chat groups about royalty for its
members. The royalty chats meet almost daily and the topics range from
discussions about the late Diana, Princess of Wales to the Romanovs to
the Tudors.

Back to Table of Contents

10. Can I sell or advertise in this newsgroup?

Usenet procedures heavily discourage advertising in newsgroups not
specifically designed for commerce. Having said that, one-time offers
to sell or buy books, and such, about British royalty and nobility,
will be tolerated. Those who wish to regularly advertise should post
their messages in the appropriate newsgroups (for example,
alt.genealogy.marketplace).

Back to Table of Contents

11. Where can I get the latest version of this FAQ?

You can obtain the latest version of the FAQ by visiting its web site
at:
http://www.heraldica.org/faqs/atrfaq.html

Back to Table of Contents
__________________________________________________________________

Part II: Royal Families of the World

1. Are there other monarchies in the world besides England?

We're glad you asked this question because it certainly seems to many
people that the United Kingdom (aka England) has the monopoly on
"royalty" and "royal family". The U.K. is but one of thirty-one
monarchies left today. Note that this list does not include
Commonwealth monarchies where Queen Elizabeth II is a monarch of an
independent monarchy (such as Canada or Australia, for example) nor
does it include Vatican City (The Holy See).

1. EUROPE
+ Grand Duchy:
o Luxembourg
+ Kingdoms:
o Belgium
o Denmark
o Netherlands
o Norway
o Spain
o Sweden
o United Kingdom
+ Principalities:
o Andorra (see Note 1)
o Liechtenstein
o Monaco
2. AFRICA
+ Kingdoms:
o Lesotho
o Morocco
o Swaziland
3. ASIA
+ Elected Monarchy:
o Malaysia (see Note 2)
+ Empire:
o Japan
+ Kingdoms:
o Bhutan
o Cambodia
o Nepal
o Thailand
+ Sultanate:
o Brunei
4. MIDDLE EAST
+ Emirates:
o Kuwait
o Qatar
o United Arab Emirates (see Note 4)
+ Kingdoms:
o Bahrain (since 14/2/2002)
o Jordan
o Saudi Arabia
+ Sultanate:
o Oman
5. OCEANIA
+ Kingdoms:
o Tonga
o Samoa (see Note 5)

Notes

1. Andorra is a co-principality, under the suzerainty of the President
of France and the Spanish Bishop of Urgel. Since 1993, these
positions are almost purely honorary and they are considered
titular Heads of States.
2. Malaysia is a federation consisting of thirteen states: Johore,
Kedah, Kelantan, Malacca, Negri Sembilan, Pahang, Penang, Perak,
Perlis, Sabah, Sarawak, Selangor, Trengganu. Its Head of State (or,
Supreme Head of Malaysia) is a monarch who is elected for a
five-year term by and from the hereditary rulers of nine of the
states.
3. The United Arab Emirates became independent of the United Kingdom
in 1971. They consist of seven sheikhdoms: Abu Dhabi, Dubai,
Sharjah, Ras al-Khaimah, Umm al-Qaiwain, Ajman, Fujairah. The Head
of State is an elected President chosen from one of the hereditary
rulers of the seven emirates.
4. Western Samoa achieved independent status from New Zealand in 1962.
Its Heads of State were two joint rulers, but in 1963 when one of
them died, the other became sole Head of State for life. His late
Highness Malietoa Tanumafili II performed the duties of a
constitutional monarch but was not titled 'king'. The Head of State
will be elected by the Legislative Assembly for a term of five
years.

Back to Table of Contents
__________________________________________________________________

2. Who are the members of the European royal families?

Conflicting information has been received as to who are official
members of these royal families, therefore, if anyone will be
suggesting additions or corrections, the FAQ maintainer would be
grateful if a source of information would be provided.

Belgium:
HM The King, his wife, their children, their grandchildren, HM
Queen Fabiola

Denmark:
HM The Queen, her husband, their sons and grandchildren, their
daughters-in-law, Princess Benedikte, her children, Princess
Elisabeth

Liechtenstein:
HSH Prince Hans Adam II, his wife, their children, their
grandchildren, Prince Philipp, his wife, their sons, Prince
Nikolaus, his wife, their children

Luxembourg:
HRH Grand Duke Henri, his wife, their children, HRH (the former)
Grand Duke Jean, his children

Monaco:
HSH Prince Albert II, his sisters, Princess Antoinette

Netherlands:
A distinction is made between the royal house ( head of state,
the former head of state, the members of the royal family in
line for the throne, and their spouses) and the royal family.
The royal house consists of HM The Queen; her sons
Willem-Alexander and Constantijn and their spouses and children;
HRH Princess Margriet and her husband, sons and
daughters-in-law.

Norway:
A distinction is made between the royal house (sovereign and
spouse, heir apparent and spouse, princes and princesses
entitled to the style of Royal Highness) and the royal family
(other descendants of the King and Queen and their spouses,
siblings of the King and their spouses). Thus, the royal house
consists of HM King Harald, HM Queen Sonja, HRH Crown Prince
Haakon, HRH Crown Princess Mette-Marit and HRH Princess Ingrid
Alexandra. The royal family includes in addition Prince Sverre
Magnus, Princess M�rtha Louise, Ari Behn, their children Maud
Angelica and Leah Isadora Behn, Princess Ragnhild Mrs.
Lorentzen, Erling Sven Lorentzen, Princess Astrid, Mrs. Ferner
and Johan Martin Ferner.

Spain:
HM The King, his wife, their children, his sisters (Infanta
Pilar, Duchess of Badajoz, Infanta Margarita, Duchess of Soria),
Infante Don Carlos de Borb�n (first cousin of the king).

Sweden:
HM The King, his wife, their children, HRH Princess Lilian,
Duchess of Halland, Princess Birgitta

Back to Table of Contents
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3. What are the dynastic names of the European royal families?

The dynastic names for the European royal families are taken from
Burke's Royal Families of the World, Volume I, 1977. Other possibly
correct dynastic names will be indicated in parentheses.

Belgium:
House of Wettin (Saxe-Coburg and Gotha)

Denmark:
House of Gl�cksborg
(cadet line of the house of Oldenborg, on the throne since 1853)
(the house of Oldenborg had been on the throne since 1448)

Liechtenstein:
House of Liechtenstein

Luxembourg:
House of Nassau

Monaco:
House of Grimaldi

Netherlands:
House of Orange-Nassau (van Oranje-Nassau)

Norway:
House of Gl�cksburg

Spain:
House of Borb�n

Sweden:
House of Bernadotte

Back to Table of Contents
__________________________________________________________________

4. Lines of succession to the current European thrones.

The following lines of succession are limited to the first ten or less
people in line of succession of the present European thrones. Each
person's relationship is indicated by one or two letters (s=son,
d=daughter, b=brother, ss=sister, u=uncle, a=aunt, fc=first cousin,
sc=second cousin) followed by a digit (0 stands for the current
sovereign). For example, s0 means son of the current sovereign, d4
means daughter of person 4 on the list.

Belgium

1. HRH Prince Philippe of Belgium, Duke of Brabant (b. 1960, s0)
2. HRH Princess Elisabeth of Belgium (b. 2001, d1)
3. HRH Prince Gabriel of Belgium (b. 2003, s1)
4. HRH Prince Emmanuel of Belgium (b. 2005, s1)
5. HRH Princess Astrid of Belgium (b. 1962, d0)
6. Amadeo of Habsburg-Lorraine, Prince of Belgium, Prince Imperial and
Archduke of Austria-Este, Prince Royal of Hungary and Bohemia (b.
1986, s5)
no “-Este” before the death of his father, except a Belgium law text
says it otherweise, which text of course has to be quoted, with its
exact web addreass. The same is valid for “of Habsburg-Lorraine”
.