Re: Grains at the root of NIDDM and the diseases of civilization

On Mon, 13 Aug 2007 22:00:43 GMT, Jim Chinnis
<jchinnis@xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx> wrote:

Tim Shoppa <shoppa@xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx> wrote in part:

On Aug 12, 6:01 pm, Susan <neverm...@xxxxxxxxxx> wrote:
x-no-archive: yes

http://content.karger.com/ProdukteDB/produkte.asp?Aktion=ShowPDF&Prod...

............................
Evolutionary Aspects of Nutrition and Health
Diet, Exercise, Genetics and Chronic Disease
..
............................
World Review of Nutrition
and Dietetics
Vol. 84
Series Editors Artemis P. Simopoulos
The Center for Genetics, Nutrition and Health,
Washington, D.C.

Susan


Not sure where this is going... I very pointedly asked here a few
months ago if any diabetics believed that carbs had caused their
diabetes. A few replied that yes, they believed that carbs were
responsible for their diabetes, and a few replied the other way that
no, carbs were not responsible.

I was prompted to ask that question by this excerpt from an article
quoted (well, mocked is perhaps a better term) by Ozgirl in May:

Of note, there is little evidence that total
carbohydrate intake is associated with the
development of type 2 diabetes (30,70,73,74).
Rather, a stronger association has been
observed between total fat and saturated
fat intake and type 2 diabetes (75,76),
although not all findings are in agreement
(30). Additionally, two prospective cohort
studies have shown no risk of diabetes
from consuming increased amounts of sugar
(74,77), and in one study, a negative
association was observed between sucrose
intake and diabetes risk (72). Intakes of both
whole grains (72,78) and dietary fiber (in
particular, cereal fiber) are associated with
lower risk of type 2 diabetes (30,70-72).

The original article referenced by Ozgirl is at
http://care.diabetesjournals.org/cgi/content/full/27/9/2266

Tim.

Tim, I'm very much impressed by the fact that we still don't know what
causes DM. I'm very respectful of all who look at the data with open minds.

I just read the article by the ADA in the URL at the end of your post. It
was interesting. As an experiment, as I often do when time permits, I tried
one of there main cites to see how well it agreed with what the ADA said it
said.

Take a look at reference #75, the paper by Marshall et al. The ADA paper
states, "Of note, there is little evidence that total carbohydrate intake is
associated with the development of type 2 diabetes (30,70,73,74). Rather, a
stronger association has been observed between total fat and saturated fat
intake and type 2 diabetes (75,76)..."

In fact, if you read reference 75, no statistically significant association
was found between dietary fat and the diagnosis of DM. See page 593, the
first Results paragraph. So the paper cited does not support the ADA claim,
as the ADA says it does.

I also found it interesting that the paper's authors made a classic mistake
of assuming they would find the result they were looking for, and in doing
so, may have failed to see what was going on in the data. For instance, they
adjust the odds ratio for diabetes on BMI. They state that this would
"underestimate" the effect of higher % fat diets on the development of DM
because the major effect of higher % fat intake is increased BMI and
increased BMI causes DM. Of course, now we know that dietary fat does not
increase BMI as much as dietary carbs. Or at least we no longer blindly
believe that higher % fat means higher body fat...

So the adjusted odds ratios for increased % fat and decreased % carb weren't
significant EVEN THOUGH they had factored out the increase in weight due to
higher carbs.

Some (many) of these older (1991) papers don't say what people repeatedly
think they say. And when you read them, you often see how contaminated the
analyses were by the preconception that fat is bad.

Thank you Jim.

Illuminating analysis.

I do find it sad that the ADA seems to have a need to
mis-represent study results in the way you highlight. If
this was an isolated case it could be disregarded. However,
it's not, as the treatment of the research by Gannon and
Nuttall has shown.


Cheers, Alan, T2, Australia.
d&e, metformin 1500mg, ezetrol 10mg
Everything in Moderation - Except Laughter.
--
http://loraltraveloz.blogspot.com/
latest: Mossman Gorge in the Daintree Rainforest
http://loraldiabetes.blogspot.com/
latest: Self-Testing and Type 2 Management
.

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