Calvinism and Nazism: Part 1
- From: "Raktizer Omheit" <cequka@xxxxxxxxxxxxxx>
- Date: Mon, 29 Aug 2005 10:35:37 +1000
There were more people convicted after The Second World War for
collaboration with the German Nazis in The Netherlands than in France. Some
419 per 100,000 people in The Netherlands were convicted for collaboration
with the German Nazis compared to 94 in France, 633 in Norway, 374 in
Denmark, and 596 in Belgium. These figures can be found in Peter Novick's
book, "The Resistance vs. Vichy," pages 186-187, published in 1968 by Chatto
and Windus, London and New York. Most of the supporters of the Dutch Nazi
Party, the National-Socialist League or NSB led by Anton Adriaan Mussert,
were found in Protestant small-farming districts in the southwest of The
Netherlands. The hardline Dutch Calvinist theologian, Franciscus Gomarus [
1563-1641 ], who came up with the doctrine of supralapsarian predestination,
was also strongly anti-Jewish. Gomarus drew most of his support from the
rural areas of The Netherlands, and he was also a strong supporter of the
Dutch monarchy, i.e. the House of Orange-Nassau, who are still to this day
the constitutional monarchs of The Netherlands. To their credit, the House
of Orange-Nassau fled The Netherlands during The Second World War to form a
government-in-exile based in London. The House of Orange-Nassau trace their
ancestry to the princely families of the French county of Orange and the
German county of Nassau, which lay along one of 'The Spanish Roads' which
used to link Habsburg Spain with their Austrian and Burgundian relatives.
The Habsburgs, who for a long time carried the title of Holy Roman Emperor,
had army land routes for the European part of their empire going from Italy
through southeastern and eastern France, and then through westerrn Germany
into what is today Luxembourg, Belgium, and The Netherlands. Another Spanish
Habsburg army land route in the European part of their empire went from
Italy through Austria and the Catholic parts of Switzerland into southern
Germany, and from there through western Germany into the Low or Benelux
countries of Luxembourg, Belgium, and The Netherlands. Spanish tercio troops
had to be transported to Italy by galleons and galleys however. In addition,
Portugal was part of Spain from 1580-1640, and both Spain and Portugal had a
vast overseas empire outside Europe.
Franciscus Gomarus's theological doctrine of supralapsarian predestination
states that God predestined the human race into the elect or saved [ i.e.
"master race" ], and the damned or reprobate [ i.e. "untermenschen" or
sub-human ], before Adam and Eve ate the fruit of forbidden knowledge,
tempted by Satan the fallen angel who was disguised as a snake in the Garden
of Eden [ see Revelation 12:7-9 ]. Gomarus's rival, the Dutch Calvinist
theologian Jacobus Arminius [ 1561-1609 ], came up with the theological
doctrine of infralapsarianism, which said that God predestined the human
race into the elect and the damned after Adam and Eve ate the fruit of
forbidden knowledge. Jacobus Arminius drew most of his support from the
wealthier inhabitants of the Dutch urban areas. The problem with the
doctrine of predestination is that it ignores some parts of the Bible, for
example I Timothy 2:1-4 by St. Paul, and II Peter 3:9, where it is written
that God desires that everybody be saved, implying strongly that free will
does exist. I do believe however that God knows from eternity what people
are going to choose in the future out of their free will. See The Acts of
the Apostles chapter 15, verse 18. Another problem with predestination is
that it implies that God, like some kind of a dictator, decides before they
are born to make some people morally good enough to enter heaven, and to
make others before they are born morally bad enough to enter hell. Another
problem
with predestination is that it implies that God, rather than Satan, tempts
people into committing sins. The Calvinist theory of predestination
does not bode well for those Jews who die without having converted to
Christianity, when one takes into consideration what The First Epistle of
John, chapter 2, verses 22-23 says:
22 Who is a liar but he who denies that Jesus is the Christ? He is
antichrist who denies the Father and the Son.
23 Whoever denies the Son does not have the Father either; he who
acknowledges the Son has the Father also.
No doubt that before 1945, many Dutch Calvinists said publicly that those
Jews who died without having converted to Christianity were predestined to
enter hell. Certainly Franciscus Gomarus thought so, because he was openly
anti-Jewish, as was also the German Protestant reformer Martin Luther.
The Calvinist theory of predestination also has uncomfortably similar
parallels with the Nazi pseudo sciences of eugenics, Social Darwinism, and
geopolitical determinism, where it is alleged that genetics, heredity, and
the natural environment effectively make the concept of a democratic free
will a mere illusion. How often has it been said that it "runs in the
blood," and "that it runs in the family?" Maybe those who commit sins and
crimes under the extremely strong influence of a genetic defect or defects
receive a second chance from God, with their soul inhabiting a genetically
perfect body before the second death. See Matthew 26:41, Revelation 12:7-9,
Revelation 19:19-21, Revelation chapter 20, Mark 10:27, Mark 6:30-56,
Ezekiel 47:1-12, Zechariah 14:1-8, Revelation 22:1-2, Psalm 148:4, and
Genesis 1:6-8. God also gave nature and the universe free will within
certain set and influential rules of evolution, chemistry, and physics when
one takes into consideration unfavourable genetic mutations and natural
disasters. The life reviews which people who had a Near Death Experience
have reported seem in many ways to resemble purgatory [ see I Corinthians
3:10-15, Revelation 8:5, John 5:24, Luke 15, Luke 19:1-10, and I Corinthians
12:3 ]. These purgatorial life reviews were reported by those who were
clinically dead for some time before being resuscitated, even after several
minutes of having both a flatline in both their brainwave or EEG [
electroencephalograph ] monitor, and in their heartbeat or ECG/EKG [
electrocardiograph ] monitor. Many persons who had very or extremely
unpleasant life reviews in their near death experiences either repress them,
or refuse to tell other people because they are ashamed of themselves for
the sins and crimes which they have committed.
See "Is There a Hell? Surprising Observations About the Near-Death
Experience" ( from the Spring '92 Journal of Near-Death Studies Vol.10,
No.3 ), P.M.H. Atwater L.H.D., Ph.D. ( Hon. ), in
http://www.cinemind.com/atwater/hell.html ,
"Impact of the Near-Death Experience on Grief and Loss", by Bruce Horacek,
Ph.D. and by IANDS, in http://www.iands.org/grief_and_loss.html ,
"Dutch NDE Study Attracts Worldwide Attention", by Jeffrey Long, MD & Paul
Bernstein, PhD, concerning the research of the Dutch cardiologist Pim van
Lommel, MD, in http://www.mikepettigrew.com/afterlife/html/dutch_study.html
,
"Consciousness Based on Wireless?, by Jeffrey Benner, concerning the
scientific theory for near death experiences as put forward by Johnjoe
McFadden, Professor of molecular genetics at the University of Surrey in
Great Britain, in http://www.wired.com/news/technology/0,1282,52674,00.html
The Dutch Calvinist invaders of South Africa, who came to be known as
Afrikaners or Boers, said that the blacks were the descendants of Noah's son
Ham, whom Noah had cursed to be the ancestor of slaves, and who afterwards
turned black because of their curse, even if skin colour is not mentioned in
the relevant reference from the Bible, i.e. Genesis 9:18-29. Moreover,
according to The Acts of the Apostles, chapter 8, verses 26-40, St.Philip
the
Evangelist converted to Christianity the treasurer of Candace, the Queen of
Ethiopia. From 1966 to 1978, the Prime Minister of South Africa was
Balthazar Johannes Vorster [ 1915-1983 ]. Vorster had been locked up in
South Africa during World War Two for joining a Nazi party which wanted
South Africa to join Nazi Germany in declaring war on the Allies. When
Vorster was Prime Minister of South Africa, the Soweto Massacre of 1976
occurred, along with the assassination of Steven Biko in 1977.
Yes it is true that Lord Protector Oliver Cromwell [ 1599-1658 ] allowed the
Jews to officially reside permanently in England after 1655, but he based
his decision on St. Paul's Epistle to the Romans chapter 10, verses 11 to
17. Oliver Cromwell believed that he could hasten the Second Coming of Jesus
Christ by helping to convert the Jews to Christianity, and one of the
obligatory conditions which Oliver Cromwell placed on the Jews living in
England was to attend Christian services and sermons every Sunday.
Unfortunately for Cromwell, many of the English people were opposed to
officially allowing the Jews to settle in England, and this opposition was
led by the English Royalist Presbyterian, William Prynne. Cromwell himself
was a Congregationalist fellow traveller, and the English and Scottish
Congregationalists and Baptists often had to fight those among the English
and Scottish Presbyterians who chose to side with the English monarchy
rather than with the Westminster Parliament, although Cromwell defeated them
in battle on three occasions at Preston ( England ) in 1648, at Dunbar (
Scotland ) in 1650, and at Worcester ( England ) in 1651.
Oliver Cromwell believed that England's military power should be used in the
imperial mission of spreading Puritan-type Christianity around the world as
far as possible, and he was not necessarily against slavery either, as
witness his approval of the successful English conquest of the then thinly
settled Spanish colony of Jamaica in 1655. Oliver Cromwell was a man of
genuinely deep religious conviction, as witnessed in his decision to ban
Christmas for example, because of its pagan borrowings, drunken revelry, and
idolatrous worship of Mammon. Nevertheless, Cromwell was not a communist, as
he helped or approved in the crushing of those English Puritans who
supported the socialistic Leveller party of John Lilburne, and the agrarian
communists known as the True Levellers or Diggers led by Gerard Winstanley.
Oliver Cromwell certainly had no intention of abolishing free enterprise and
private ownership in England. He also set a 200 pounds minimum per annum
property value as a voting requirement for those adult males eligible to
vote for the members of the House of Commons, and until August 1911 the
members of the House of Commons were not paid a salary from taxation
revenue, which meant that its members were men with large private incomes.
The last British general election had been held in December 1910, and
because of the interruption of The First World War there were no more
British general elections until December 1918. Not until 1997 was the
first-past-the-post method of vote counting in British general elections
replaced. Other methods of vote counting are preferential voting, optional
preferential voting, and proportional representation. Even in The
Netherlands, the voting requirements for the national parliament were very
limited for a long time. "In the Netherlands, reforms of 1887 and 1896
extended the electorate from two per cent to fourteen per cent of the
population, but universal suffrage came only in 1917." See p.352 of Thomson,
David, "Europe Since Napoleon," First published by Longmans 1957, Revised
edition published in Pelican Books 1966, Reprinted in Penguin Books 1990,
London.
If one looks at Mark 10:17-27, II Timothy 3:16-17, Ephesians 2:8-10,
Proverbs 19:10, Proverbs 28:3, Proverbs 30:8-9, Proverbs 13:13, Proverbs
14:26-27, and Proverbs 19:23 in the Bible very closely, one will see that
communism is not compulsory at all for a Christian. Lending money on
interest to the poor, as opposed to the middle class and the rich, is
forbidden by Proverbs 22:7 and Proverbs 22:26-27 however. The middle class,
that is those who are neither rich nor poor, have existed since ancient
times.
In Hungary, about 66 per cent of the population is Roman Catholic, and most
of the rest are Calvinists. Most of the Hungarian Calvinists are found in
the eastern part of Hungary, although there are many Hungarian Catholics
living there too. During The Second World War, the Hungarian Arrow Cross
fascist party had both Catholics and Calvinists as their members. From
October 1944 to April 1945, the Hungarian Arrow Cross actively and willingly
helped the Nazi Germans round up the Hungarian Jews for deportation to
concentration camps. In the First and Second Vienna Awards of 1939 and 1940
respectively, the Hungarian Magyars or Bashkirs with the support of Nazi
Germany and Fascist Italy annexed the Romanian region of northern
Transylvania, although the region was returned to Romania in 1947 by the
Soviet Union, even if the Soviet Union retained the Romanian region of
Moldavia or Bessarabia which it had seized under the Nazi-Soviet
Molotov-Ribbentrop Pact of 1939. The Soviets also allowed the Bulgarians to
keep the Romanian region of southern Dobrudja, which the Bulgarians had
seized in 1941 with the approval of Nazi Germany. The Transylvania region of
Romania once formed part of the Roman province of Dacia from A.D.106-271,
and during the Roman era the very rich gold and silver mines of Dacia
attracted many Roman colonists to settle there. This is why out of all the
former Roman provinces in the Balkans the Latin language had such a great
influence on the Romanian language. The Dacian language originally belonged
to the Illyrian-Thracian branch of the Indo-European language family, of
which Albanian is the only surviving member. The rest of the Albanians
living in the Balkans were assimilated by the Romans, Slavs, and Hungarians
centuries ago. The Slavic Slovenes, Croats, Serbs, and Bulgarians arrived in
the Balkans from around A.D.570-650, and the Hungarians or Magyars arrived
in the Balkans from around A.D.890-955. The Hungarians or Magyars originally
came from what is now the Bashkir Autonomous Area of Russia. During the
centuries of foreign invasions which the Romanized Dacians endured from the
Slavs, Germans, and Hungarians, the Romanians were often able to retreat for
safety into the forested mountains, hills, and gold and silver mine shafts
of their country, from where they could launch retaliatory guerrilla strikes
on foreign invaders. The Roman province of Armorica or Brittany in northwest
Gaul or France was another region which was economically neglected by the
Romans, as was most of the Balkans with the exception of Dacia, and as was
Cornwall, Wales, and England too for that matter. Armorica or Brittany, like
many parts of the Balkans, has thin, rocky soils, and the Celtic Gauls
living there were reinforced in the A.D.400's and 500's by Celtic Britons,
who renamed Armorica Brittany, i.e. "Little Britain."
Martin Luther of Germany [ 1483-1546 ], like Franciscus Gomarus, wrote in
his 1525 theological treatise called "On the Bondage of the Will" that God
knows before they are born those who will be among the saved and the damned.
The Thirty Nine Articles of the Church of England, published in 1563 and
approved by the Westminster Parliament in 1571, also preaches
predestination. The Jansenist wing of The Roman Catholic Church believes in
predestination too, named after the Catholic theologian Cornelius Otto
Jansen [ 1563-1638 ]. Like the Lutheran churches in general, The Church of
England does not have monasteries, convents, friars, or compulsory celibacy
for its ministers and priests, and neither the Lutheran churches or The
Church of England recognizes the Pope as the successor of St. Peter. The Old
Catholics do not believe in either papal infallibility or compulsory
celibacy
for the clergy. Ironically, the Puritan Calvinist attitude towards sexual
intercourse, barring the Ranters or Raunters of the Abiezer Coppe and
Laurence Clarkson or Claxton tradition, is even more strict than that of The
Roman Catholic Church, as is also the Low Church Anglican Evangelicals, in
contrast to the Broad or Middle and High Church Anglicans. Girolamo
Savonarola [ 1452-1498 ] was also very puritanical.
.
- Prev by Date: Re: Why Humanity Should Serve God
- Next by Date: Re: "God gave you a gift of this time as a time of grace."
- Previous by thread: Prayers for New Orleans with Katrina
- Next by thread: Re: "God gave you a gift of this time as a time of grace."
- Index(es):
Relevant Pages
|
Loading
